Cytokine ELISA Kit

Cytokines are a group of soluble and transient biactive proteins with size from 6 to 70 kilodaltons (kDa), including interleukins, interferons, and chemokines. These pleiotropic and redundant proteins produce additive, antagonistic or synergistic effects through the signaling mechanisms of autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine. Cytokines have pleiotropic, overlapping, and even contradictory functions. This depends on the concentration, cell types, and presence of other mediators.

Cytokines are signaling molecules secreted by immune cell like neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, B cells and T cells. Although there are various assays for cytokines measuring, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are the most popular tool in cytokine research and development. Cytokines are also named by cell function, like Adipokines (Adipocytes), Lymphokines (Lymphocytes), Monokines (Monocytes).

Cytokine Signaling

Cytokines are cell signaling molecules with communication promotion in immune responses. These molecules also can stimulate the movement of cells toward inflammation and infection sites. The cytokines are a large class of molecules with different classifications, and in forms of peptide, protein and glycorprotein. Although cytokines are generated throughout the whole body, they must bind proprietary receptors to become activated.

According to the activity with receptors, cytokines can carry out various functions, including:

Autocrine action: create the cytokine by binding to receptors on the membrane of the same cell.
Paracine action: produce the cytokine by receptor binding on target cells nearby the cell.
Endocrine action: travel in circulation and act on target cell in more distant areas.

There are many different types of cytokines, such as: Chemokines, Interferons, Interleukins, Lymphokines, Tumour necrosis factor.

Cytokines are produced by a vast range of cells: Immune cells – macrophages, B cells, T cells, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and various stromal cells.

Common Cytoline Elisa Kits

Cytokines are also named by cell function, like Adipokines (Adipocytes), Lymphokines (Lymphocytes), Monokines (Monocytes).

Feiyuebio provide various selection of cyokine antibodies, proteins, and kits for innate and adaptive immune research. Our main cytokine elisa kits are including:

Mouse cytokine elisa kit
Human cytokine elisa kit
Multiple cytokine elisa kits
Inflammatory cytokine elisa kit
Key Cytokine ELISA Kits

Cytokines and Interleukins

As cytokines are originally discovered in the context of signaling between inter immune cells (leukins). Interleukins can facilitate cell growth, differentiation, maturation, or proliferation. Cytokines are the key player in generation and inhibition of immune responses. Depending on the promotion of site of infection inflammation or the reduction of inflammation, cytokines are classified as pro-inflammatory cytokines or anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα)

Pro-inflammatory cytokines can drive the inflammatory response toward, and recruit appropriate cell to sites. These cytokines play a pathogenic role in chronic or acute inflammatory diseases.

Anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TBF-β)

Anti-inflammatory cytokines have the opposite effects, these cytokines are applied in the resolution of inflammation and the restoration of homeostasis.

Multiplex ELISA Cytokine Panels

Cytokines have the complex and context-dependent functions in the immune system. Depending on the cell type or activated signaling pathway, a single cytokine can create vastly different effects. Such as, IL-2 can promote the immature T cells to regulatory T cells in the thymus, aid in the resolution of inflammation and prevent autoimmune diseases. While paradoxically, IL-2 also can encourage T cells into effector and memory T cells after initial exposure to cognate antigens.